Nozzle structure for effecting striated flow of combustion gases



Oct. 7, 1952 R. 'H. GODDARD 2,612,746

NOZZLE STRUCTURE FOR EFFECTING STBIATED mow OF COMBUSTION GASES Filed March 4, 1948 comaus TIION 6 HA MBER census TION\ CHAMBER 513-6, adctmob, 5760a a]? ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 7, 1 952 UN TE STATE 1 This invention relates to improved means for eifectingstriated flow of combustion gases produced in a continuously operated combustion chamber. Such striated flow facilitates entrainment of air, with an increase in the mass and a corresponding reduction in the velocity of the resultant mixture. More efficient operation is thereby attained.

It is the general object of the present invention to effect striation by providing novel and improved nozzle structures which will open out a I compact stream of combustion gases to striated form.

The invention further relates to arrangements and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Preferred forms of the invention are shown inv complete combustion chamber.

NOZZLE TUR FOBEFFECTING s'rnrv v, FLOW B T QN GASES,

Robert H. Goddard, deeeasedjlate of Annapolis, 7

Md., by Esther C. Goddard, exeeutrix, Worcester, Mass, assignor of one half to The'Daniel H and Florence Guggenheim Foundation, New .York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Y Application March 4, liase iai 1310. 13,054"

' 2 Claims. (crises-35.6)

A combustion chamber of conventional type is shown in Fig. 6.

Referring to Fig. 1, a portion of a combustion chamber 0 and nozzle N is shown, together with an outer casing Ii) enclosing a Jacket space S. Cooling liquid for the jacket space S may be provided through a supply pipe 12.

In the usual operation of this type of combustion apparatus, the hot combustion gase enter the nozzle N as indicated by the arrow a and are discharged from the rear open end thereof as a relatively compact and rapidly movin gas stream.

In order to open out this compact stream of gases, tubular members 20 are inserted through the jacket space S of the nozzle N and provide outwardly and rearwardly directed ports 22, through which portions of the combustion gases will be discharged.

The combustion gases entering the nozzle N from the chamber C are opened out by this new nozzle structure to produce a substantially increased mass of mixed combustion gases and air by entrainment, which mass moves at a substantially reduced' speed.

At;- the 1 same time; the tream of combustion gases discharging'directly rearwardly through the nozzle N is" decreased in.

volumei While the theoreticalefliciencybfthe combustion apparatus may be somewhat reduced by the increased friction losses, the practical utility of the apparatus in certain applicationsis substantially increased. Such applications include augmenters for air exhausters and compressors and jet-type pumps, in which entrainment of large volumes of air or liquid is essential and in which a compact-and very rapidly moving gas stream has been found to produce relatively small and unsatisfactory entrainment effects.

The proportion of gases removed from the nozzle stream may be increased by utilizing the structure shown in Fig. 3, in which tubular con-r nections 30 have their rearward inner edges-32 projected into the nozzle N. These projecting edges 32 deflect an increased proportion of the combustion gases into the ports, 33 within the tubular connections 30.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2, the nozzle N2 for the combustion chamber C2 is contracted rather than enlarged toward its rear end or edge 40. An outer casing 42 provides a jacket space S2 for the nozzle N2, and tubular connections 44 extend through the space S2 and provide outwardly and rearwardly directed ports 46 for such portions of the combustion gases as are diverted I therethrough.

Cooling liquid for the jacket space S2 may be provided through a supply pipe 50 and volute Bi. and may be discharged through openings 52 in the rear end or edge 40 of the nozzle N2. Any steam discharged through the rear openings 52 adds to the mass of the combustion gases. A separate jacket space S3 for the chamber C2 may have cooling liquid supplied through a Having thus described the invention and the advantages thereof, it will be understood that the invention is not to belimited to the details herein disclosed, otherwise than as set forth in the claims, but what is claimed'is:

1. In combustion apparatus, a combustion chamber, and a discharge nozzle for said chamber, said nozzle being conical and rearwardly expanding and having a plurality of outwardly and rearwardly-directed gas-diverting ports axially distributed along the rearwardly expanding side wall of said nozzle outwardly of the inner restricted entrance of the nozzle and progressively spaced axially from the restricted entrance of said nozzle, a casing providing a jacket space about andin whichihe 8as==diverting ports cojisti'tuteza "plurality of tubular members mounted in said nozzle and casing and extending outwardly and rearwardly through said Jacketspace.

2. In combustion apparatus, a combustion chamber, and a discharge nozzle "for said chamber, said nozzle being conicaland rearwardly expanding and having a plurality of outwardly and rearwardly-directed gas-diverting :p'orts ;:axially distributed along the rearwa'rdly expanding side wall of said nozzle outwardly of the'inner restricted entrance of the nozzle and progressively spaced axially from the restricted entrance of said nozzle, a casing providing a jacket space about said nozzle, and fin which the gas-divertpcrts constitute arpluralityof tubualr mem- -'.-bers-;mountedwin said nozzle and Leasing and ex- ;tending outwardlyt'and rearwardly' through said jacket :space, :the zrearmost edge portions-tofsaid tubular members projecting into the main axial passage of said discharge nozzle to engage and divert the combustion gases.

ESTHER C. GODDARD,

(Addition. to No. 779.655) 

